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Hello, Everyone! We all must have observed that when we come across a bruise or an injury; bleeding starts and continues for some time but after some time the blood oozing out from the bruise or an injury miraculously stops owing to the formation of a clot. This is due to the platelets in our blood adhering to the injured blood vessel. A perfect example of wonderful human anatomy right...! Now there is a latest buzz in Medicare about platelets. The Latest Buzz: Now researchers have created; synthetic platelets to prevent blood loss owing to bleeding from a bruise or an injury and further achieve greater healing. The buzz about platelets is; that synthetic platelets have been created by researchers to prevent blood loss owing to bleeding from a bruise or an injury and further achieve greater healing. The trials have shown that the synthetic platelets have worked fine in the animal models however; the clinical trials are yet to be done on humans. The synthetic platelets are deformable similar to our natural blood platelets which implies these platelets can take any shape. These platelets are engineered to rush to the specific injured site and are compatible with all blood types. These synthetic platelets are store-friendly and transport-friendly, making them accessible to patients in severe clinical situations in an expedited manner for instance in an ambulance or a Warfield. But what are these platelets, how do they get formed and where do they get formed? How are they pivotal to our body's defense mechanism? We will uncover all these interesting indicators in this blog post. So let's begin. We will delve into the fundamentals first, by understanding what are platelets. Platelets: Also known as Thrombocytes, are small colorless fragments in our blood that aid healing through clot formation and ceasing bleeding or guarding us against bleeding. Due to this miraculous naturally occurring phenomenon, the platelets are also referred to as our body's natural bandage. Now the question arises where are these platelets generated? Well, the platelets are generated in the bone marrow which is a soft tissue present in our bones; are generated by megakaryocytes -the largest cells in the bone marrow. The bone marrow synthesizes red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The life span of platelets in our bloodstream is 8-10 days; once they are created in bone marrow and flow in our bloodstream. Pic Source: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=36#:~:text=If%20one%20of%20your%20blood,stop%20bleeding%20is%20called%20adhesion. The platelets get their name because they are generated in the form of a plate. Now we will further understand the role of platelets in the cessation of bleeding. Role Of Platelets In Ceasing Or Preventing Blood Loss:- If an injury happens to one of our blood vessels then the chemical signals are mediated from injured blood vessels to the platelets. Next, clot formation takes place due to incoming platelets rushing toward the injured site and forming a plug or a blood clot to manage the damage that occurs there. Two mechanisms play a vital role here. The first is ADHESION and the second one is AGGREGATION. Adhesion as the name suggests is the process of spreading across the platelets around the surface of the injured blood vessel because of the growth of sticky tentacles which allows them to get stuck or adhere to one another; Once these platelets arrive at the injured site. Then additional platelets are made to rush toward the injured site by sending chemical signals to gravitate more platelets. Henceforth, aggregation of platelets happens in which these additional platelets pile onto the clot. Now we will understand the healthy platelet count and what happens if the healthy platelet count rises or falls beyond a certain level. But first, we will focus on what is a healthy platelet count. A Healthy Platelet Count: This ranges from 1,50,000- 4,50,000 platelets present per microliter of our blood. Platelets Count < 1,50,000: In a condition called THROMBOCYTOPENIA; the platelets are generated in few numbers or there is a disruption in the created platelets and the platelet count falls below 1,50,000. The low platelet count can be recognized by an internal bleed or bleeding inside the skin surface which we observe as a bruise. Also apart from the internal bleeding, the bleeding can be triggered from outside our body from which there is a continuous loss of blood, or in the form of a nosebleed. This serious condition Thrombocytopenia happens due to many factors such as some medicines, infections, weak immune system, pregnancy, cancer, liver ailment, and many more. Platelets Count > 4,50,000: In a condition called Thrombocytosis, the platelets generated in the bone marrow rise beyond 4,50,000. This condition does not occur to any problem in the bone marrow; however, some other symptom or disease triggers the bone marrow to generate more platelets such as an infection, inflammation, anemia, specific cancers, and some reactions to the medicines.Th symptoms of this condition are not serious though and the platelet count gets back to a healthy count when other symptoms or a disease fades away. People suffering from Thrombocytosis are less prone to bleeding and blood clots. Platelet Dysfunction: This condition implies that their formation in the bone marrow is normal, however; their working mechanism is not normal or is impaired i.e. they do not function in the manner they should. A multitude of peculiar illnesses are associated with platelet dysfunction. Many medicines tend to be the culprit for this condition. One such medicine is Aspirin. It is vital to understand which medicines influence platelets and which might tend to increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, it is essential to discuss with the doctor before going on any medications so that we are well-acquainted with the possible risks and uses of the medications. Now we will understand the importance of Platelets. Why Are Platelets Important: Platelets play a vital role in pulling through surgeries for example an organ transplant, sustaining traumatic injuries, battling cancer, and fighting against chronic diseases. The donor platelets are given to patients having low platelet count or platelet dysfunction. Till now we have understood that platelets are generated in the bone marrow. But what is bone marrow? Bone Marrow: Located in the center of our bones, the bone marrow is a spongy substance that creates bone marrow stem cells and other substances which eventually generate blood cells. Every cell generated by bone marrow is pivotal for our body. For instance, red blood cells carry oxygen to tissues in our body, the platelets ensure to cease bleeding and the white blood cells fight through infections in our body. Now we will understand why there is a need for synthetic platelets. Need For Synthetic Platelets: Several medical situations call for urgent platelet transfusions such as situations where someone is facing severe bleeding, or for patients undergoing surgery or are getting chemotherapy. At present these patients get platelets gathered from the donors with a compatible blood type.This is difficult because the platelets supply is bounded and the platelets have a limited shelf life and they must be kept in controlled conditions. Conclusively, we can say that platelets are pivotal for our normal body functions and synthetic platelets can revolutionize current medical healthcare, by winning challenging medical conditions and saving hundreds and thousands of lives. Thank You. References: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-04-synthetic-platelets-stanch-animal.html https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=36#:~:text=If%20one%20of%20your%20blood,stop%20bleeding%20is%20called%20adhesion.

Hello, Beauties! Summer has set in with temperatures spiking up day by day. Rising temperatures can leave lips dry, chapped, and tanned. Here's a sneak peek into the best and most affordable lip balms that provide ultra-lip care owing to their SPF features and natural ingredients for 24-hour moisturization and a dash of subtle color for that classy no-makeup makeup look; include in your lip care routine for acing lip care this summer. So without further ado let's begin. 1. Lakme Lip Love Chapstick: Lakme is a primer fashion brand that never fails to deliver the best makeup and beauty products. Lakme Lip Love Chapstick is one such example. They are loaded with the goodness of SPF-15 for giving protection against the sun's harmful UV rays. Intense lasting 22 hours moisturization is sealed through petroleum jelly, cocoa butter, and shea butter. This cutie comes in 7 shades of cherry, strawberry, caramel, Mango, Apricot Instapink, Purlip, to give that tint of color giving a subtle and sober everyday look without being chaotic. The best part is it's highly affordable and easy on the wallet having a price of 120 INR for 45 gms. Pic Source: Lakme Salon 2. NIVEA Tinted Lip Balm: When looking for a perfect solution for dry and chapped lips this lip balm is simply the best. The lip balm incorporates the bliss of ingredients that are ultimate at locking moisture and giving the protection and care your pout needs. The key ingredients are vitamin -E, Sunflower Oil, Beeswax, castor oil, sunflower wax, rosehip oil, and Sunflower Lecithin that guard your lips against cruel sun's rays. It comes in 7 shades namely Fruity Cherry Shine, Fruity Berry Shine, Fruity Strawberry Shine, Fruity Watermelon Shine, Fruity Peach Shine, Fruity Pomegranate Shine, Fruity Soft-Rose Shine which serves the purpose of lip tint and lip gloss as the lip balm is super-locked with heavenly moisture. One can include this lip balm as daily wear and surprisingly party wear too! It is priced in the range of 175 INR-238 INR for 4.8 gms. Pic Source:https://in.pinterest.com/pin/347199452535531199/ 3. SebaMed Lip Defense Balm: This lip balm is a beautiful melange of protection and moisture. As a plus point, it enhances our skin's natural defense called acid mantle too. It is incorporated with SPF 30, which safeguards, our lips from sunburns owing to the rising temperature of the sun's rays and also it safeguards our lips against dryness of the lips. One of the most capturing features of this lip balm is it works according to our skin's natural PH which is 5.5. It enhances our skin's natural defense called acid mantle. It is sensitive skin friendly as well since it does not have any skin-irritating ingredients such as paraffin, parabens, propylene glycol, or phthalates. Talking about its key ingredients, Vitamin E is best for moisturization and boosting collagen, Jojoba Oil has a richness of fatty acids that heals dry and chapped lips, Bisabolol soothes skin, and beeswax is the best at giving a glossy finish and guarding against dryness and chappedness of lips. Although, this lip balm is not a tinted one; however it helps in the regeneration of skin, aids in giving moisture, and prevents lips from getting dehydrated. It is priced at 423 INR for 4.8 gms. Pic Source:https://www.sebamedindia.com/skin-products/sebamed-lip-defense-cherry-64 4. Lotus Herbals Lip Therapy{VELVETY ROSE}: This lip balm helps heal dry and chapped lips, and gives an awesome satin finish to our lips. As an additional feature, it is packed with the protection of SPF-15 which safeguards our lips from harmful UV rays. The quantity is approximately 4g priced at 143 INR which is affordable too at this quantity. Talking about its key ingredients it is loaded with moisture-locking ingredients such as kokum butter, shea butter, and rose extracts. Rose extract enhances cell-renewal and boosts blood flow to our lip's skin. Also, the rose extracts lighten, the color of our lips and nourish them. Pic Source: https://www.lotusherbals.com/products/lip-therapy-velvety-rose 5. Dot & Key Gloss Boss Lip Balm: This versatile medium-tinted lip balm can be used as a lip balm and as a lip gloss too. It is highly affordable priced at 199 INR for 12 g.Lovely isn't it? It is enriched with the goodness of shea butter, cocoa seed butter, castor oil, Candelilla wax, Carnauba Wax Vitamin C and E, and many more which justifies its name"GLOSS BOSS" as the lip balm provides a lovely sheen and oomph to the lips. It is incorporated with SPF-30 to protect our lips from sunburn. It is recommended by dermatologists to use a lip balm of at least SPF -30 and minimum protection of SPF-15 to guard our lips against UVB radiation. This product comes in 7 shades namely Rose Blush, Caramel Kiss, Cherry Pop, Strawberry Kiss, Cocoa Mint, Watermelon Rush & Mango -Passion which is a non-tinted variant of this lip balm; having a medium tint of color for that classy and sexy look. One can choose any variant based on the skin tone and choice. It is free from mineral oil, essential oils, and sulfate as these might be carcinogenic. Pic Source: Big Basket Conclusively, we can say that these lip balms give a subtle, classy, and everyday look without being chaotic. So, if you like to be simple yet class apart then these are waiting to be included in your makeup kit. Thank You.

Hello, Everyone! To transcend the horticulture sector which is significant enabler to Bharat's economy by rendering about 1/3 rd of the gross value addition(GVA-calculation of entire goods and services generated in our country) in Bharat, our government has started a digital platform enterprise called CDP-SURAKSHA for a seamless disbursal of subsidies to the horticulture farmers in our country in accordance with the Cluster Development Program (CDP) to foster horticulture crops. So let us focus on understanding the CDP-SURAKSHA digital platform. ABOUT CDP-SURAKSHA:- CDP-SURAKSHA is a digital platform for allowing seamless and immediate disbursal of subsidies to the farmers in their respective bank accounts by leveraging e-RUPI voucher from the National Payments Corporation Of India (NPCI-> all-encompassing organization for the functioning of the retail payments & settlements in Bharat; an RBI and IBA enterprise in tandem with the clauses of the payments and settlement system act in 2007 for creating a comprehensive payments and settlement framework in Bharat). CDP-SURAKSHA is abbreviated for:- S: System For U: Unified R: Resource A: Allocation K: Knowledge S: Secure H: Horticulture A: Assistance Now let us focus on the salient features of CDP-SURAKSHA digital platform. The CDP-SURAKSHA digital platform entails salient features such as :- ->Database Integration with PM KISAN {PM KISAN-->a government's scheme which provides 100% funds i.e. providing with 6,000 INR per year in three equal installments to all land -holding farmers of India } ->Cloud based server space from NIC: To undertstand this we have to understand NIC and its role. The National Informatics Centre (NIC) is a government agency operating in science and technology which offers computer -based assistance to the entities like central government departments,state govenment departments and district administration .Also the NIC provides e-governance solutions to the country people.Through its robust satellite based network can efficiently communicate, use emails, use internet, seamlessly transfer files and can easily access databases which have wide-ranging information within and outside the country.Furthermore the departments can now exchange business documents online {Electronic Data Interchange/EID} .Cloud based implies all the computer based services such as storage,server,network,databases,software etc are offered to the departments on the internet i.e. the cloud.Here server space implies storage capability of the servers which are powerful computers .Thus we can cumulatively undertstand cloud based server space as storage and computer based applications to the departments. ->UIDAI verification:Through this platform the vetting of farmers identity is done by verification of Aadhar cards and other requisite identity documents via integrating with UIDAI{Unique Identification Authority Of India} ->e-RUPI integration: e-RUPI voucher is integrated with CDP-SURAKSHA for seamless disbursal of subsidies to the farmers. ->Local Government Directory (LGD):Through this feature the catalouge or the directory of the local government offices or authorities is given ; who are resoonsible for subsidy disbursement mechanism. ->Content management system:This ensures the proper management or organising of the content pertaining to subsidy disbusrsement to the farmers. ->Geo-tagging: This implies geographical tagging of the photos and videos . ->Geo-fencing:  This refers to fixing peripheries for subsidies distribution while making sure that the subsidies are made available to the authorized dedicated beneficiaries in particular georaphical locations. Let us now focus on the working mechanism of CDP-SURAKSHA. WORKING MECHANISM OF CDP-SURAKSHA: ->One who isn a farmer ,vendor,implementing agency ,Cluster Development Agency (CDA's),officials of the National Horticulture Board can access this digital platform. ->A farmer has to provide his/her phone number to logging in CDP-SURAKSHA digital platform; and post logging the farmer can give an order for the required planting material for instance seeds,seedlings,plants according to their requirement. ->After the payment has been done by the farmer for the order;the the system then asks to pay the requisite money share for the planting material.Henceforth ,rhe subsidy realeseased by the government will be displayed on the screen spontaneously. ->After the completion of payment by the farmer ; an e-RUPI voucher will be generated .The banks responsible for the e-RUPI voucher generation are ICICI,State Bank Of India-SBI,HDFC and Bank of Baroda. ->This e-RUPI voucher will be received by the vendor ;who will give farmers their ordered planting material. ->Thereafter the demanded planting material will be delivered to the farmer.After receiveing the planting material ;the farmer has to share photos and videos of their feild with the geographical location tagged {geo-tagged photos and videos} ;to testify the delivery of their ordered planting material. ->After the verification of the order ;the IA{Implementation Agency} will give money to the vendor for the e-RUPI voucher of the farmer received by them. ->The vendor is then needed to upload the generated invoice on the CDP-SURAKSHA online portal. The IA will then gather all the documents and subsequently share them with CDA (Cluster Development Agency) for realeasing the subsidy to the IA. It is important to ponder on the fact that the farmer gets the subsidy at first stage once the contribution for the ordered planting material is shared by him. Before proceeding further let us understand the below mentioned:- e-RUPI: It is an online voucher which is a one-time payment process on behalf of which the farmer takes the planting material from the vendors without the need to have an access to card,digital payments app from the vendors accepting e-RUPI. As per NPCI{National Pyments Coorporation Of India} ,the organisations or the government can make the designated beneficiaries accessible to the e-RUPI voucher beacuse of doing any activity or any exclusive reason through a SMS or a QR code. NPCI:It is an all-encompassing organization for the functioning of small -scale payments and settlements in Bharat; furthermore the organization is an joint enterprise of RBI(Reserve Bank of India ) and India Banks Association (IBA) in line with teh clauses of the payments and settlements act 2007,in order to create comprehensive payment and settlement framework. Now let us proceed towards understanding CDP{Cluster Development Program}. CDP-CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM: ->CDP is a part of the govenment scheme of the National Horticulture Board's plan to grow horticulture clusters. ->It entails improve progress in farming at various parts such as of gearing for production,growing of crops and eventually selling them. ->The authorities and the officials responsibloe for implementing CDP have identified 55 places well enough and they have done an initial testing on 12 areas; which are on the verge of betterment. ->More places are being planned to be integrated such as flower cluster or a flower area in West Bengal,coconut clusters or areas in Kerala,Onion clusters in Tamil Nadu and Gujrat. ->Every such area will have local communiuties or teams for ensuring seamless work. ->The plan includes helping 10 lakh farmers and poised to include an area of 10 heactare. ->According to the government the plan might gravitate 8,250 crore from the private investors in addition to what has been offered by the government. ->The amount the govenment will provide solely lies on the area of the cluster.Small clusters will get approximately 25 lakhs,intermediate ones will get 50 crore aid from the government and the large clusters will get aid of 100 crore . Conclusively we can say that CDP-SURAKSHA is a remarkable digital platform enterprise by our Bharat's government to promote horticulture crops. Thank You. References: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/cdp-suraksha-horticulture-9262824/

Hello, Everyone! On the 4th of July 2012, the fundamental particle -Higgs Boson, was discovered by researchers after experiments were being done at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) marked as the world's largest particle accelerator; at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland. A particle accelerator is an apparatus leveraged to accelerate charged particles e.g.protons and electrons at very high speeds and energies. These accelerated charged particles are then made to either collide with other particles such as electrons, protons, neutrons, gluons, quarks, etc or they are made to collide at a specific target to help the scientists and researchers observe the fundamental properties of nature and the universe. The eminent British Physicist Peter Higgs, Outlined a theory that the Higgs Boson is a fundamental force-carrying particle in the Higgs Field i.e. it is associated with the Higgs Field, and the field is owed to render mass to all fundamental particles like quarks and electrons. This field was initially theorized in 1964 by Peter Higgs; the name of which the particle was named. Higgs Boson is one of the fundamental particles which enhances the basic framework of particle physics. The prevalence of the Higgs Boson in the universe can be predicted by its name God-Particle which outlines the pivotal role played by it in the sub-atomic physics. Now let's delve into the intricacies of Higgs Boson. Salient Features Of Higgs Boson:- 1. Mass: The mass of Higgs Boson is 125 billion Electron Volts which implies that it is 130 times more mass than a proton. 2. Chargeless: Higgs Boson is chargeless which implies it does not carry any electric charge. The charge of a particle in particle physics has a pivotal role in defining the behavior of a particle in electromagnetic fields. 3. Zero Spin: Higgs Boson has a spin of 0. Spin is the elementary property of particles in quantum mechanics, resembling angular momentum in classical mechanics. But spin is not the same as the angular momentum and it is the intrinsic angular momentum of a particle i.e. it is the inherent property of the particle without actually moving. Spin can take values such as 0,1/2,1 etc. The Higgs Boson has a 0 spin, which details that it does not have intrinsic angular momentum in the usual sense. Now let us understand the elementary particles called Bosons. Bosons: The Bosons are the particles that have a unique characteristic of carrying forces or interactions between the particles. We can call them the messengers or carriers of these interactions. Whenever there is an interaction between the particles, the bosons are exchanged. Let us understand them in detail. ->Carriers of Force: Bosons are messengers or mediators of interactions between the particles. They occur during the interaction of the particles. ->Behave Like Wave In A Field: A Boson can also be predicted as a wave by the quantum field theory-{which states that in the universe there are different types of fields such as electric field, magnetic field, the gravitational field; prevailing everywhere and at every instant of time.}For instance the photons{small particles of light as per the Photon Theory Of Light} are the wave in the electromagnetic field. ->The Higgs Boson -A special case of Boson: A well-known Boson is a Higgs Boson and its specialty lies in its emergence-it emerges from the Higgs Field, which is proposed to render mass to the particles. When there is a particle interaction in the Higgs Field, particles gain mass due to their interaction with the Higgs Boson. ->Types Of Interaction With The Higgs Field: Strong interaction of the particles with the Higgs Field leads the particles to acquire greater mass because they get slowed down in the Higgs Field. This phenomenon is termed as the Higgs Mechanism. Some particles like electrons and quarks interact more strongly with the Higgs Field; however, all the particles do not interact strongly with the Higgs Field for instance Photons do not slow down when interacting with the Higgs Field, and also; they do not acquire mass due to a phenomenon known as Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking. Let's understand this further. When the universe was in its initial phase-i.e. when it was in the process of forming there was extreme symmetry between the particles;and this symmetry implies that all particles should possess the same mass. However; as the universe gradually cooled down the symmetry between the particles broke. Therefore; even though the photons interact with the Higgs Field they do not acquire any mass and they continue to travel with the same speed and do not get stuck in the Higgs Field. Pic Source: Ias express Pic Source URL : https://www.iasexpress.net/higgs-boson-god-particle-lhc-future-hadron-collider-upsc/ Overall, we can say that Bosons are particles that act as mediators between particles i.e. they facilitate interaction between the particles and they have a vital role in understanding the forces of nature. Till now we have understood that not all particles; interact strongly with the Higgs Field ,such as Quarks and Electrons. But what are quarks? Quarks are the fundamental particles that form neutrons and protons and are located in the center of the atoms. The Quarks are never found to exist individually, they always combine to form bigger particles such as protons and neutrons. The Quarks are tightly glued together by a strong force which is carried by particles known as Gluons which behave like glue to keep quarks intact. There are different types of quarks and properties of how they interact with one another. Conclusively, we can say that Higgs Boson and Higgs Field named after renowned British Physicist and Nobel Laureate Peter Higgs; help the world understand nature and the universe in a nuanced way. Thank You. References: https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-daily-current-affairs/prelims-pointers/d/10-April-2024/ https://www.iasexpress.net/higgs-boson-god-particle-lhc-future-hadron-collider-upsc/ https://physics.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/physicsatmit_01_rajagopal.pdf#:~:text=particles%20called%20quarks%2C%20which%20are,%E2%80%9Ccolor%2Dmagnetic%E2%80%9D%20fields.

Hello, Everyone! On Monday 8th of April 2024; the renowned Nobel Prize-winning British Physicist Peter Higgs who earned the Nobel Prize for Physics for "Higgs Boson" or "God-Particle" passed away at 94. His remarkable theoretical work rendered the nuanced knowledge about the elementary force-carrying particle known as the "Higgs Boson" of the "Higgs Field" which is the fundamental reason behind the mass carried by the fundamental particles; enabled the world to understand the phenomenon behind the mass carried by the Universe. The 1964 theory of mass-giving particles enlightened the world regarding the mysteries of the Universe and that earned him the prestigious 2013 Physics Nobel Prize. Pic Source:https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2013/higgs/photo-gallery/?gallery_style=page On the 4th of July 2012, the Higgs Boson was discovered by researchers while carrying out experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)-the world's most powerful particle accelerator,at the European Organization for Nuclear Research(CERN); eventually proved the theory for which a year later he was awarded the Physics Nobel Prize in the year 2013. For a deeper understanding of Higgs Boson and features of Higgs Boson kindly refer to the URL mentioned below: URL:https://www.freshwords.blog/post/understanding-what-is-higgs-boson-or-god-s-parti As per the Vice Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh Peter Higgs was a remarkable individual with vision and imagination and a god-gifted scientist; whose vast knowledge of the world is always with every individual of the world. Thank You. References: https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/nobel-winning-physicist-peter-higgs-who-discovered-god-particle-dies-at-94-5408269

Hello, Everyone! The 7th of April 2024, marked a groundbreaking achievement of Bharat's indigenous satellite engineering prowess; when Bharat-based company Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) dedicated to operating in aerospace and defense solutions located in Hyderabad and Uraguay-based company Satellogic Inc (SATL) dedicated to function in sub-meter resolution Earth Observation(EO) disclosed the successful positioning of TASL-1A satellite getting into the Bandwagon -1 mission to the space. SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket launched the mission from United States's Launch Complex 39 A Keneddy Space Centre stationed in Florida on the 7th of April,2024. Space X is a company owned by technology enthusiast Elon Musk. Although our country has several spy satellites engineered by ISRO; this is the first enterprise in the private sector resonating with the Make In India Theme. Pic Source:https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2024/Apr/09/spacexs-falcon-9-rocket-launched Let us now focus on what is TSAT-1A satellite and what is we need to acquire according to its context. About TSAT-1A Satellite:- Let us discuss several key points in line with this satellite. Bharat's Tata Advanced Systems Limited with the alliance of Uraguay's Satellogic Inc(SATL) engineered TSAT-IA with is one of its kind optical sub-meter resolution Earth Observation satellite; adhering to the agreement inked among the two companies on 29th Nov 2023. The satellite TSAT-1A was manufactured in Tata Advanced Systems Limited's AIT-assembly, integration, and testing plant at its Vemegal facility located in Karnataka. SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket launched the mission from United States's Launch Complex 39 A Keneddy Space Centre stationed in Florida on the 7th of April,2024. The satellite will be an enabler for our country's defense forces to acquire confidential information and this information will then be exchanged with other friendly countries. Also, the satellite will extend our defense forces' proficiency to plan meticulously, enact timely and judiciously make decisions against any potential danger to our country. Although our country has several spy satellites engineered by ISRO; this is the first enterprise in the private sector resonating with the Make In India Theme. Now let us talk about the salient features of TSAT-1A:- Here are the exclusive features of the satellite: The fundamental efficiency of the satellite is based on its proficiency in capturing military-grade imagery of the Earth's surface through its sub-meter resolution. TASL's TSAT-IA is one of its kind optical sub-meter resolution Earth Observation satellite as the satellite is provisioned with dual capabilities i.e. multi-spectral as well as hyper-spectral imaging proficiency. This technical prowess enables the satellite to accumulate data spanned across a large spectrum of wavelengths entailed in the electromagnetic spectrum; rendering a more insightful and intricate know-how about the data accumulated about the land, water, and diverse renewable resources. The satellite features : i)Ability to track data in large numbers ii)Wider Dynamic Range which implies the efficiency of the satellite to track data in extremely bright as well as dark areas. iii)Low- Latency delivery of data NOTE: WHAT IS MULTISPECTRAL IMAGING & HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING? ANS: When an image is taken and analyzed over a wide range of wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum then it is referred to as Hyperspectral Imaging; however if the same image is taken and analyzed over a limited range of wavelengths of approximately 3 to 4 colors then it is referred as multi-spectral imaging. NOTE: WHAT IS ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM? ANS: Before understanding the Electromagnetic Spectrum we first have to understand dispersion which is a unique characteristic of white light. If a white light transits through a prism it gets split into several different colours. The series can be abbreviated as VIBGYOR. Pic Source:https://science.nasa.gov/ems/09_visiblelight/ White Light is composed of lights of diverse colors and if all the colors are grouped in a manner that all the colors take different places then we refer to it as a Spectrum. Different properties of light can be analyzed by considering light as a wave at a particular wavelength. This property of light being split into several components having different colors is known as dispersion. Violet color has a wavelength of 400-440 nm Indigo color has a wavelength of 440-460 nm Blue color has a wavelength of 460-500nm Green color has a wavelength of 500-570nm Yellow color has a wavelength of 570-590nm Orange color has a wavelength of 590-620nm Red color has a wavelength of 620-700nm Our eyes can perceive up to a wavelength of 400-700 nanometre.1 nanometre is 10 to the power -9 meter/sec. Pic Source:https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-electromagnetic-spectrum-with-the-visible-light-region-blown-up_fig1_346246668 Light is called an electromagnetic wave since it has both electric and magnetic fields oscillating perpendicular to one another propagating through space. An acceleration in electric charge leads to the production of an Electric field. As per Maxwell's theory, a changing electric field induces a magnetic field and vice versa. Therefore we can term light as an electromagnetic wave as it has oscillating electric and magnetic fields. An electromagnetic spectrum is like a list of different types of light and energy spanning from radio waves which are used for broadcasting, visible light i.e. what our eyes can see to X-rays and gamma rays which are typically useful in medical imaging. It resembles more like a rainbow with every color having its frequency and wavelength which outlines how they behave in different matter or medium and for what purposes they can be used. Latest Updates of TSAT-1A:- The satellite was positioned in space on Monday{8th April 2024}. pic Source: Hindustan Times https://www.hindustantimes.com/business/in-huge-success-tata-deploys-its-tsat-1a-satellite-on-spacexs-falcon-9-rocket-elon-musk-101712652262796.html Thank You. References: https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2024/Apr/09/spacexs-falcon-9-rocket-launched https://www.hindustantimes.com/business/in-huge-success-tata-deploys-its-tsat-1a-satellite-on-spacexs-falcon-9-rocket-elon-musk-101712652262796.html

Hello, Everyone! Recent years have witnessed numerous piracy attacks at the Indian Ocean waters ranging from the eastern coast of Africa to the coastal regions of Bharat. However, our country's Navy fleets and Coast Guard have been proactively engaged in forging dedicated strategies against Maritime Piracy but the lack of strict anti-piracy law has stymied the approach towards management of such illicit criminal acts. Therefore to enforce the effective handling of sea crimes and to constitute the United Nations Convention On The Law Of Sea(UNCLOS)which is a dedicated law for putting restraint on maritime piracy activities committed at the seas and for the related concerns, Bharat sanctioned it in the year 1995 and constituted in 2022. So in this blog post, we will be zeroing into the need for UNCLOS and its essential aspects as per the context. Let's now delve into the nuances of the concept without further ado. Why there has been calling for legislating the Maritime Anti-Piracy Act in 2022:- Several pointers have been directed to put into effect the Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, of 2022. Some of the pointers are: 1. Implementing International Treaty:- Regardless of Bharat being a signatory of the United Nations Convention On The Law Of Sea (UNCLOS) consented by the United Nations on 10 Dec 1982; our country accorded the law in 1995. However; there has been a dearth of our country's naval strategies for combatting and managing piracy attacks. 2. Managing Insufficient Legal Framework Against Pirate Attacks:- The situation of charging sea criminals so far has come across insufficiency in the legal framework due to the absence of national law. Earlier sea criminals would be charged as per the laws outlined in the Indian Penal Code (IPC) which is the official criminal code of our country; concerning armed robbery such as the criminals would be brought to the court caught by the country's Naval fleets and the coast guard but this had not proved to be an efficient way to counter piracy and other related illegal acts. We can observe this matter in the following example- A gang of Indonesian pirates was caught by the Indian Coast Guard in the Arabian Sea and they were prosecuted/in our country's district court in Bombay for various criminal charges outlined by the Indian Penal Code but unfortunately the Bombay High Court had withdrawn all the charges and the pirates were set free of the trails in April 2005. 3. Frequent Pirate Attacks:- Since 2008; there have been frequent cases of pirate attacks in the Gulf of Aden that were functioning from Somalia. The Gulf of Aden has played a pivotal role in sea trade since monthly 2000 ships navigate through this route with trade goals between Asia, Europe, and the east coast of Africa. Today with the deployment of maritime officers in the Gulf of Aden the pirates have relocated their function toward the western coasts of our country which is a potential threat to our coastal areas. Therefore these pointers call for an expedited constitutioning of the Maritime Anti-Piracy Act,2022. Now let us focus on key aspects of the anti-piracy act,2022: In The Context Of The Law Piracy Means: 1.This law is operational to the "high seas" which implies special economic zones of any other country including that of our country, as well as all seas, be it falling under the authority of any country. 2. According to this law; piracy implies violence, keeping someone hostage, or theive one's assets from another ship or any individual present on the ship. 3. If someone by his will volunteers to operate a ship regardless of having acquittance that it is a ship of the pirates then that individual is also held responsible for the piracy act. 4. Any act of backing piracy or doing something that promotes piracy; such as cooperating with them by giving them funds, supplies or materials to promote sea piracy is also an illegal and punishable offense under piracy. What Does A Pirate Ship Implies According To This Law:- According to this law, a pirate ship implies a ship intentionally used for piracy activities; furthermore, the law entails any aircraft, or seaplanes that can be deployed at the sea for committing piracy activities. What Does Punishment Mean According To This Law:- Anyone committing piracy will be Punished : ->Being jailed which can be for a lifetime or to give money as a penalty or both; OR ->Being jailed for a lifetime or a death; if committing piracy leads to the death of someone or trying to kill someone ->The property of the guilty involved in the piracy acts; will be seized ->Getting engaged in piracy leads to a jail term of 10 years or with a monetary penalty or both ->Getting involved in piracy acts or engaging others in piracy or instructing or directing someone to do piracy leads to a punishment of 14 years of jail or a monetary penalty or both An Executing Body Responsible For Carrying Out Punishment--Implementing Authority ->Central Government grants legal rights to make arrests, examine, and bring to trials -as are accessible by a police officer outlined as per the Code Of Criminal Procedure ->The authorized person on suspicion can arrest or seize the ship deployed for piracy purposes ->The court once orders for the handling or dealing with the seized ship or property which implies selling auctioning or transferring ownership then only the proceedings can happen. ->The handling or dealing with the seized ship or property spans either selling, auctioning, or even transferring ownership; only at the discretion of the court. Decisive Authority According To This Law Is-->Who Can Be The Designated Court: For a seamless trial of the offenses; the Central Government after discussion with the Chief Justice of the appropriate High Court shall allocate by issuing a notification; to the designated court to prosecute the pirate criminals. In a specific state, a single or more district courts can be the designated court in line with this act. The geographical area over which the court decides:- Regardless of whether the accused is our country's citizen or of another country, the court shall possess the right to handle cases of the accused caught by the designated person or law enforcement officers. However; the court does not have the authority over warships and government-owned ships operated for non-profit purposes. Now let us focus on the preassumption of the accused according to the act. Preassumption Of The Accused According To Act: 1 . The decisive authority shall suppose the accused person has committed an offense unless that person is proven to be innocent. This is referred to as the preassumption of guilt. 2. According to the act the prosecutor must be a public prosecutor selected to work by the code of criminal procedure. The Bail Conditions According To The Act--> These are the conditions on which the accused will be released on a temporary basis while waiting for the prosecution: An accused will be released temporarily only on certain conditions only when: 1.The public prosecutor has had the opportunity to object to the bail application 2.If the public prosecutor objects to the release application, but the designated court is certain that there is enough proof in favor of the accused and after the release, on bail, the accused will not do misdeeds. These conditions do not overrule the exclusive bail authority of the High Court by section 439 of the code. Now before moving further with the blog post let's first understand the meaning of Extraditable Offenses. These are the offenses committed in one country but for the trials, the accused may be called upon in some other country to be prosecuted in front of the court. This provision depends on the trust of the other country such as an extradition treaty. Now let us discuss what are the extradition provisions as per Maritime Piracy Act 2022. What Are The Extradition Provisions As Per Maritime Piracy Act 2022: ->Offenses as per this law are extraditable depending on our country's extradition provision treaties with other countries. ->In the absence of any extradition provision treaty, extradition provisions rely on the mutual agreement between our country and other countries to be treated equally. This implies if another country gives certain provisions to our country, then our country too will return the gesture and give the same privileges to the other country. ->Adhering to the Extradition Act 1962, if the ship deployed for piracy is registered in another country; then the ship is considered under the administration of another country. ->The authorized personnel will not be charged with legal actions because of any actions taken on honesty and sincerity; without any bad intentions of harm and deception referred to as " in good faith". ->The central government and state government will also be secured or excluded from any legal action resulting from any actions "taken in good faith". Now we will focus on Operation Sankalp in whichnthe anti piracy act played a pivotal role. What is Operation Sankalp:- Operation Sankalp is our country's Naval Operation to protect our national ships registered under our national flag, and operate within our country's authority; navigating through the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf or called the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Aden comprising of Indian Ocean extending from Arabian Peninsula and the African Continent. It was initiated on 19 June 2019 to counter strained maritime environment when strain was observed between Iran and US near Gulf of Oman; and piracy attacks which were quite prevalent ; specifically in trade routes. This was done by stationing our country's naval ships for surveillance,keeping a tight vigil ,safegauring ships used for transporting cargo or passengers and not for military or govenmental use, addressing the warning signal and repression of any dangers such as maritime piracy or maritime terrorism. The operation also entails cowork with other country's naval security forces to promote peace and protected environment along the oceanic regions. The Operation Sankalp was put into effect on 14 Dec 2023 when a Malta ship MV Ruen was seized ; and on 23 March 2024 the 100 days of the ongoing operations were completed. Pic Source:https://www.thestatesman.com/india/indian-navys-operation-sankalp-safeguarding-indias-maritime-trade-routes-1502966669.html Key Navy Ships Which Played A Pivotal Role In Operation Sankalp:- ->Operation Sankalp has observed many ships of our counytry which extends involvement of INS Chennai and INS Sunayna. How Did Maritime Anti-Piracy Act Contributed To Operation Sankalp:- Operation Sankalp ->35 pirates were apprehended and given to Mumbai Police as per the Maritime anti-piracy act. ->Crew of MV Ruen were again deployed and the falg of Malta has been hoisted. ->Operation Sankalp in Gulf of Aden witnessed engagement of about 5,000 sea personnel, 21 ships were used , and 900 hours of flying vigilance aircraft were observed of the maritime operations at Gulf of Aden,Arabian Sea and the East of Somalia. ->18 incidents were being counteracted by Bharat's navy and played role of first responder and preferred security partner in the Indian Ocean. ->110 people were rescued which includes 45 sailors. ->1.5 tonnes of essential belongings were freed Thus conclusively we can say that Maritime Anti-Piracy Act effectively helps repress piracy attacks and enables efficient handling of the criminals. Thank You.

Hello, Everyone! The last few years have witnessed piracy attacks in one of the most crucial seaways, for instance, the Gulf of Aden which interconnects the Arabian Sea to the Red Sea, the coast of Africa essentially comprising 38 countries, the Horn of Africa; marked as the Somali Peninsula, holds the strategic and geopolitical importance due to its position at the southern periphery of the Red sea furthering its peripheries to Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and the Indian Ocean, Bangladesh and Strait Of Mallaca which bridges Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) and the South China Sea (Pacific Ocean) holding strategic importance by being the shortest seaway among the Middle East and East Asia underscoring potential threats to the Maritime Security. \ Pic Source:Istock https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/gulf-of-aden-area-connecting-red-sea-and-arabian-sea-political-map-gm1409475652-460005769 Pic Source:https://testbook.com/ias-preparation/horn-of-africa About Maritime Piracy:- But what is Maritime Piracy? It refers to offenses such as robbery and violence done at the sea. Besides this; various illegal acts done at the Sea are also termed as Maritime Piracy. Now let us look at the frequency of attacks by the Sea Pirates done at essential waterways. In the Gulf of Aden; the threat of the Somalian Pirates to the sea routes dwelled in the year 2000 and gained momentum in 2010. Likewise, the Somali coast has also witnessed sea piracy for several years; however, it peaked in 2000. If we talk about Bangladesh and the Strait of Malacca the scenario is no less different. There have been several sporadic incidents of pirate attacks. Main Causes Behind Pirate Attacks:- Lets focus on the key causes triggering pirate attacks.Some of them are as: ->Lack Of Dedicated Maritime Law Enforcement:- The waterways such as the Gulf of Aden and the Horn of Africa do not have sufficient dedicated maritime enforcement laws therefore they are more prone to frequent pirate attacks. ->Raised Convergence Of Maritime Traffic and Maritime Traffic Routes Routes:- The areas susceptible to piracy often transit high maritime traffic specifically at narrow passages where the terrains compel ships to either coverage or decrease speed—for instance Strait of Mallaca. ->Flickering Economic Conditions & Poor Employment Opportunities:-Poor administration and multiple economic pointers -Fluctuating economic conditions such as fewer jobs, flickering prices of goods, and people not being financially stable often lead to economic crisis. These poor financial situations and no or very low number of jobs make people inclined towards misdeeds such as piracy to incur some finances which triggers criminal acts in areas like the Somalian Region. ->Difficult Law Implementations In Piracy Prone Areas As They Do Not Fall Under Jurisdiction Of One Country:- There is an increased number of piracy-prone areas that fall under the jurisdiction of multiple countries; leading to difficult implementation of legal rules under legal systems unanimously for all countries globally who are putting joint efforts to combat piracy. What Are The Approaches To Address Maritime Piracy:- Lets figure out the possible strategies to manage and address Maritime piracy. Procedural Strategies:- 1.Availability of Naval Fleets:The very basic strategy which can go a long way is that the availability of naval fleets must and aircrafts ; seeing whom the pirats will not show the audacity for the attack. 2.Robust Alert and Protection Services:This will shore up the safety of the merchant ships which come accross pirates prone areas ;by letting them accompany naval defense fleets between the exclusive areas for securing consolidated collective endeavours for safety of merchant ships against pirate attacks. 3.Leveraging Cutting-Edge Surveillance Via Dedicated Information Fusion Centers:Surveillance through Information Fusion Centres for gathering and analying data to recognise and trace the possible dangers is a great way to bolster surveillance by effection collaboration of intelligence and information sharing. Permanent Strategies To Combat Piracy Attacks:- Besides the aforementioned procedural strategies there should be permanent strategies to thwart piracy attacks . Below are some of  such permanent strategies : 1.Multinational Cooperation And Dialouge On Exchanging Vital Information :- There should be multinational cooperation and dialouge on exchanging vital information to significantly impede pirate attacks.One such example of it is US Coordinated Maritime Coalition;which is a group forged by US to work in collaboration with different countries to consolidate safety and security against maritime piracy attacks.In this group multiple countries unite to address common difficulties observed at sea such as piracy,smuggling and other illegal acts.They collectively keep a tight vigil ,examine maritime areas,exchange information and react to dangers with a common vision to safeguard ships and oceanic regions. 2.Robust Administration:- The seaside countries should aim for robust administration and working out on sound legal systems to mitigate poverty and enhancing economic opportunities which in turn will cut off any chances for people to get engaged in illicit activities. 3.Stable Finance and Economy , Poised To Develop:- Fostering job opportunities, investment in manufacture of infrastructure and stable income should be matters of prime focus in oceanic countries.This will prevent people from getting involved in misdeeds for financial benefit at the sea. 4.People-To-People Engagement:- One -On -One engagement of people with a common goal to collaboratively work towards coastal security for instance generating awareness in one and all by means of awareness campaigns to unify them for securing oceanic regions.For instance Puntland ;a self-govering area situated in northeastern part of Somalia focuses its efforts on robust governance,enhanced security, economic development and stability, and resource management within it. Conclusively we would say that Maritime Piracy is a criminal act towards oceanic regions and seawaters which is driven by indicators such as poverty ,economic instability,no job opportunities ,no work on economic infrastructure.However ;it can be thwarted by effective strategies planned and implemented to curtail such offenses. Thank You.

Hello, Everyone! In today's time of Artificial Intelligence, SEO tools, and digitalization we are constantly looking out for information on search engines on a wide range of topics. The information that has ultimate ground standing in our minds and is impactful! According to me, due to the below-mentioned factors blogging and content creation are trending high and are engaging audiences. So let's get started one by one: Increased Demand For Information: In the Web era, people are looking for quality content over diverse realms. Blogging fulfills this demand for information through creative and informative posts, tutorials, online classes, informative videos, and news updates on diverse topics. Building Credibility: By consistently posting content comprehensively aiming for an exclusive niche builds trust over the audience and the target market. Through blogging people and organizations can establish themselves as experts or mindful leaders in their respective domains. Brand Marketing: Regular content creation impacts greatly on brand visibility over the diverse e-platforms. The informative content inclusive of information that is in line with the people's searches and requirements helps garner an audience and enhances brand featuring and recognition. E-Learning Platform: Blog Posts and Blog websites inclusive of informative content have become a go-to option for information enthusiasts and learners. Informative content fostering education purpose and assisting audiences in honing new skills helps add value addition to the content and attract new audiences. Money Moolah!: Blogging and informative content aid in monetization opportunities through advertising, selling products (digital or physical), affiliate marketing, guest posts, subscriptions, and memberships. It also makes one financially empowered. Attracting Traffic by SEO(Search Engine Optimization): By posting informative content with the right keywords or the target keywords (keywords most searched by the audience online); websites attract organic traffic from various search engines like Google. Therefore blogging and creating informative blog posts has potentially established and consolidated an alliance between the information requirements of people and posts well curated inclusive of informative content. So all of the aforementioned are key factors backing blogging and content creation. What Is My Ultimate Inspiration To Curate Blog Posts And Informative Content? I inclined towards research and learning since my childhood and that has inspired me to utilize my potential to the fullest. Exploring new topics and conducting research is what I aim at which eventually help expand my knowledge base with a motive to publish well-researched high-quality content that helps everyone i.e. students, information enthusiasts, avid readers, and everyone in every way, and yes including me. What Challenges I have faced that have inspired me to hone my writing skills with inclusivity? Regarding challenges, I would say that limited representation while writing my posts on paper as rough work has been the biggest one. Before posting I write them (As a draft) on a register & look out for a more detailed analysis of any topic and then integrate all the important features of the topic in a post finally. But while writing a particular topic for integrating all the diverse features of any topic; addressing the diverse perspectives had been a bit challenging part for me. These challenges inspire me to be a better version of myself and do more hard work aiming for better inclusivity. Overall blogging and informative content creation are riding high on a wave and have inspired me to create my own in the blogosphere over a digital platform. Thank You.

Hello, Everyone! India is heading high in global governance strategically consolidating ties, inking agreements, and planning courses of action for those agreements beneficial for the Indian diaspora and other countries' populace. With a vision of One Earth · One Family · One Future or Vasudhaiv Kutumbhkam India's steadfast multilateral advancement is a testament to the country's unprecedented and unwavering commitment to being the best with taking all countries together on a global platform. Ensuring this here we have yet another bilateral meeting of India and Bhutan. India's Prime Minister Modi had an official visit to Bhutan on 22 March 2024. He received a ceremonial welcome by people from Paro to Thimpu. Both leading dignitaries negotiated on versatile aspects of bilateral relations and developed a mutual understanding for extending collaboration in multiple arenas, for instance, renewable energy, agriculture, youth exchange, environment and forestry, and tourism. PM Modi's Bilateral Meeting with Bhutan's Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay rendered 7 MoUs for bolstering bilateral ties spanning energy, trade, digital connectivity, space, agriculture, and youth connect. The high-level dialogues were held at the lunch convened by the Bhutanese Prime Minister. So let's have an overview of the Mou's or agreements exchanged between India and Bhutan. 1. MoU on general supply of Petroleum, Oil, Lubricants (POL), and related products from India to Bhutan: This MoU details a list of items related to petroleum, oil, and lubricants that would be delivered to Bhutan via designated entry or exit points as per the agreement. 2. Agreement for recognition of official control exercised by Bhutan Food And Drug Authority (BFDA) by Food Safety and Standards Authority Of India (FSSAI): To foster trade ties between India and Bhutan this agreement plays a pivotal role by promoting business efficiency and reducing regulatory expenses from India and Bhutan's end. The agreement supports the export inspection certificate issued by the Bhutan Food and Drug Administration(BFDA) does get accepted by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). This implies the food products exported by Bhutan to India adhere to the requirements set by FSSAI easing the export process by reducing the regulatory hurdles. 3. MoU on cooperation in the field of Energy Efficiency and Energy Conservation measures: This MoU helps Bhutan conserve energy in the household sector through a five-star labeling system created by Govt.Of India's agency BEA-Beaureau of Energy Efficiency. A five-star labeling system gives a clear idea regarding the energy efficiency of appliances. Appliances with higher star ratings consume less energy i.e. consume less fuel or electricity to operate than those with lower star ratings. This will ensure people buy energy-efficient products as less consumption of fuel or energy leads to lesser strain on energy resources and also leads to lower utility bills. The Mou promotes the inclusion of backing code development as per India's expertise and creating a skilled energy workforce in Bhutan by forging energy auditors training. The initiative envisions to encourage energy efficiency and conservation measures in Bhutan. 4. MoU on cooperation in Sports and Youth: This MoU promotes people-to-people ties between India and Bhutan by increasing cooperation between sports agencies from both countries sides by conducting sports events and programs. 5. MoU on cooperation concerning sharing reference standard, pharmacopeia, vigilance, and testing of medicinal products: This MoU aims to encourage forging collaboration and mutual exchange of information in the realm of medicine regulation in line with regulation laws from both sides. The MoU facilitates the acceptance of Indian directions for the identification of compound medicines outlined in Indian Pharmacopoeia and to provide general medicines at an affordable price. 6. Joint Plan of Action (JPOA) on Space Cooperation: The joint initiative renders a pathway for extending cooperation in space exploration by conducting space programs and training schemes. 7. Renewal of MoU on Peering Arrangement between National Knowledge Network of India (NKN) and Druk Research And Education Network of Bhutan: This MoU between National Knowledge Network (NKN) of India and Druk Research And Education Network (Druk REN)facilitates reconsideration of sending data through direct connection of Internet service providers which of both countries-we call a peering arrangement; rather than sending data through other networks; thus ensuring fast and efficient transmission of data. This MoU ensures ease of communication, sharing of information, and online access by accessing digital technologies for all individuals, organizations, and communities. Besides these 7 MoUs; an MoU for the Establishment of Rail Links Between India And Bhutan was also Inked: The MoU encourages the formulation of dual rail links suggested between India and Bhutan i.e Kokrajhar-Gelephu and Banarhat-Samtse rail links and the approach to materialize the rail links which entails the adequate steps, approaches, and strategies required to execute as per the agreement. Thank You. References: https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/37731/List_of_Outcomes__State_visit_of_Prime_Minister_Shri_Narendra_Modi_to_Bhutan https://inshorts.com/en/news/india-bhutan-finalise-mou-to-set-up-rail-links-ink-other-pacts-1711113591397

Hello, Everyone! Holi, the festival of colors has arrived with vibrant hues carrying warmth, celebration, and love for our loved ones. The festival marks joy and celebration with everyone imbued in the vibrant colors, captivating our hearts with their vitality. Classic confections like gujiya, ghevar jalebi, kesar thandai, kalakand, burfi, and a lot of other snacks are made and served for our loved ones. However, among all heartwarming celebrations significant skincare is required to keep skin safe from any potential damage or adversities. So let's have a look at the indispensable and ultimate skin elixirs to count on for the pursuit of skin protection, nourishment, hydration, and a captivating glow. Let's get started one by one:- Almond Oil: Trusted and used for ages, it is infused with skin nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and antioxidants. It provides hydration and is a potent emollient as it nourishes the skin. Being gentle and lightweight it is safe to use for most skin types. Pic Source: Freepik Aloe vera: This is one of the most popularly used natural herbs which is a blessing from nature's bounty. It works wonders in skin hydration because of its property to be absorbed by the skin quickly, even at a faster rate than water i.e. fourfold faster thus works as a light moisturizer too; and treats minor skin problems like small cuts, and skin burns, sunburns, and rashes; owing to its antiseptic properties. It is completely versatile to use, one can directly apply its pulp to the skin or it can be consumed in the form of juice. It holds skin-brightening properties and thus removes stubborn tanning, and hyperpigmentation blessing skin beaming with radiance. Also, it is normally fine if it is applied directly from the plant, however sensitive skin types must opt for a patch test initially. Yogurt: Loved by all DIY people and almost every one of us this is easily accessible for all of us and it offers skin benefits owing to its probiotic properties. It possesses natural fats and proteins which are great at hydrating and nourishing the skin. Pic Source: Freepik It helps soothe irritated skin in conditions such as sunburn or acne all due to its cooling properties. The lactic acid in yoghurt helps in gentle exfoliation aiding in dead cell removal and healthy cell regeneration and also it contributes to a healthy glow backed by the removal of pigmentation and dark spots. Fresh Cream (Malai): Believe it or not fresh milk cream is power-packed with the goodness of high-fat and natural enzymes which respectively is a skin moisturizer plus emollient, and skin exfoliator which gives dual benefits to our skin first aids in retaining skin moisture and secondly enhances dead skin removal thus giving it a youthful appearance and a healthy shine. This versatile ingredient is adored by glow fanatics all over the world and is my personal favorite too. Even though I am not a person practicing diverse DIYs but still one DIY I remember practicing from my childhood is mixing about 2-3 tablespoons of fresh cream, 1 tablespoon of glycerin, and a few drops of lemon juice constituting one tablespoon of lemon juice, and lastly, 1 tablespoon of rosewater in a small bowl gently massaging the face with this mix for about 5 minutes, and leaving it on the skin till 15-20 minutes. After that rinse your face with water and gently pat dry the face; so here it is ....live your dream of having soft, supple, moisturized skin complemented by healthy radiance. It works as a dream for dry skin types just like me. Also for sensitive skin types, this works well as the lemon will help wipe away excess oil accumulation, rosewater helps soothe the skin and fresh cream and glycerin will provide needed moisture. But still, it is suggested for sensitive skin types to do a patch test first. Honey: This nature's ingredient has garnered love globally! Thanks to its moisturizing, hydrating, and humectant properties {property to retain moisture} it has made its mark in skincare. It contributes to hydrated and deeply moisturized skin owing to the enzyme activity present in it making it seep deeper into our skin. It aids in potent moisturization due to its moisture-retaining properties. Besides that, it possesses antibacterial as well as exfoliating properties which help our skin to get rid away of dirt and excess oils accumulated in our skin pores. Honey contains a miniature of hydrogen peroxide empowering it with skin-lightening attributes helpful in fading away acne scars and stubborn pigmentation. To our awe! it also aids in reducing sunburn as it helps in the healing of injured tissues because of its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Thus conclusively these natural ingredients are not only easily accessible, and budget-friendly but also are power-packed with innumerable properties like moisturization, nourishment, protection, healing, skin lightening, exfoliation, and many more making them among the top picks for every one of us. These are what we can say "The Ultimate Skin Elixiers" to be counted upon. Thank You. References: https://gisou.com/blogs/blog/honey-skin-benefits https://mirchi.in/stories/lifestyle/5-amazing-benefits-of-fresh-milk-cream/100706740#:~:text=Nourishes%20and%20moisturises%20the%20skin,moisture%20and%20restoring%20skin%20flexibility https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/beauty/pre-and-post-holi-tips-nourishing-skin-and-hair/articleshow/108580914.cms https://krishnaayurved.com/blogs/health/ayurvedic-skin-care-routine?_pos=11&_sid=050cd4e28&_ss=r https://uihc.org/health-topics/what-difference-between-uva-and-uvb-rays https://www.forestessentialsindia.com/light-hydrating-moisturising-facial-gel-pure-aloe-vera-new.html

Hello, Everyone! Today modern healthcare is reaching new heights with a powerful and meaningful alliance of technology and healthcare. The significant synergy between the two realms is harnessed for optimum health benefits of people globally. In today's world diseases are getting more complicated to detect and cure and are increasing in multitudes, this situation has become globally concerning and needs a powerful sought-after solution. Resonating with this thought Google has allied with Apollo Radiology International to harness cutting-edge AI technology for prompt disease detection in people of diseases like tuberculosis(TB), lung cancer, and breast Cancer. So let's delve deeper into the insights of this impactful partnership. Let us understand how AI will be a breakthrough in the early identification of illnesses. -> AI enhances timely disease detection: Apollo Radiology International is poised to take its healthcare for people to a whole new level by positioning Google's AI models envisioned for enhanced healthcare results for the Indian diaspora with diseases like tuberculosis(TB), lung cancer, and breast cancer. Over 10 years free screenings of these diseases will be offered showcasing Apollo International's progressive take on harnessing pioneering AI technology for inclusive healthcare centering on ensuring improved and universal access to high-quality healthcare services globally. It is hoped that AI will be a breakthrough in the Radiology realm where specialization in this realm plays a pivotal role in timely identifying the illness of the diseased. {https://www.freshwords.blog/post/artificial-intelligence-its-overview-and-understanding-its-uses } Now let us understand how AI will aid in the early identification of fatal ailments. -> AI will aid in the early identification of fatal ailments like tuberculosis, lung cancer, and breast cancer: Tuberculosis(TB): Regardless of being medicated and cured it is shocking that about 10 million people become ill with this disease annually with unfortunately more than 1.3 million people losing their precious lives due to this disease, specifically people from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa at high frequency. Delay in addressing this disease leads to the transmission of this among other people and it progresses to the extent of being life-threatening. For a catch-hold of this disease, Chest X-rays are frequently utilized screening method. However, there is a scarcity of skilled radiologists to analyze images extensively. The rural areas lack in availability of tests to identify TB due to death in hospitals and healthcare facilities which makes them vulnerable to the worsening of this health issue. To combat this challenge Google has engineered an AI system to analyze chest X-ray scans for preliminary symptoms of TB. Lung Cancer: Lung cancer accounts for one of the main contributors to deaths owing to cancer in India. Early disease detection can help save hundreds of thousands of lives but unfortunately, there is no centralized screening initiative for more susceptible people which makes them vulnerable to greater disease progress. Lung cancer can also come up coincidently while patients get screened for some other symptom or reason. Nevertheless, there is a need for skilled radiologists to timely analyze unexpectedly discovered abnormal growths or masses while evaluating other conditions, referred to as incidental nodules, and possess time to manage them. In this scenario, AI comes to the rescue. It not only aids in extensive accessibility of the screening but also aids in the identification of incidental nodules what we say for unexpectedly discovered growths or masses and regularly addressing them. Breast Cancer: Breast cancer too is the biggest culprit of deaths in high frequency in India leading to India suffering from a mortality rate of threefold higher than the US. Due to the shortage of skilled radiologists for analyzing breast cancer and also due to the lack of extensive access to screenings, Indian people suffer a lot. It is hoped that AI will greatly aid radiologists in analyzing mammograms to implement extensive screening initiatives across India, referred to as "scale screening". Let's ponder over the future impact of AI on the screening processes. AI technology leverages cutting-edge algorithms for examining data from wide sources including medical records, imaging scans, and genetic information to recognize patterns and detect timely the dangers and symptoms of the disease. {https://www.freshwords.blog/post/artificial-intelligence-its-overview-and-understanding-its-uses } Thus AI will enhance the screening process greatly: ->Google integrated with Apollo Radiology International a few years back to authenticate AI systems in areas or regions where they are needed the most. ->Presently Google continues to cooperate with Apollo Radiology International, as Apollo is heading to obtain authorization for making these AI models accessible to the populace across India. ->To aid hundreds and thousands more of the Indian populace, Apollo International will be leveraging these AI models to deliver 3 million AI-enhanced free screenings to people for diseases like tuberculosis(TB), lung cancer, and breast cancer. Thank You. References: https://blog.google/technology/health/google-ai-india-early-disease-detection/